![]() ![]() Anytime a player manages to close a Mill (form a row of three), the player removes an opponent stone. Once all the stones have been placed, the players take turns moving one of their stones along the lines to an adjacent open spot. ![]() Whenever a player forms a row of three, called a "Mill," that player removes one of the opponent's stones from the board, provided that a stone may not be taken from a Mill. The three diagonal spots at the corners do not count as a row because they are not connected by lines.Ĭapturing. The objective is to get three stones of one's own color in a line on any three adjoining spots, vertically or horizontally. They take turns placing one stone at a time on the intersections of the board. The board begins empty, and the two players each use nine stones of their own color. It is the best of the so-called row-of-three games, the simplest of which is, of course, Tic-Tac-Toe. The game has been and continues to be popular in many countries. The board pattern has been found on ancient Egyptian roofing tiles, Roman and Greek buildings, an English wall dating from 1200, and even choir stalls in old English cathedrals. Nine Men's Morris, or Mill (Mühle), is one of the oldest board games known. An ideal position, which typically results in a win, allows a player to shuttle one piece back and forth between two mills, removing a piece every turn.Kadon Enterprises, Inc., Rules of Play for Nine Men's Morris and Fox & Geese Flying was introduced to compensate when the weaker side is one man away from losing the game.Īt the beginning of the game, it is more important to place pieces in versatile locations rather than to try to form mills immediately and make the mistake of concentrating one's pieces in one area of the board. A 19th-century games manual calls this the "truly rustic mode of playing the game". Some rules sources say this is the way the game is played, some treat it as a variation, and some do not mention it at all. When a player is reduced to three pieces, there is no longer a limitation on that player of moving to only adjacent points: The player's men may "fly" (or "hop", or "jump" ) from any point to any vacant point. When one player has been reduced to three men, phase three begins. The act of removing an opponent's man is sometimes called "pounding" the opponent. A player can "break" a mill by moving one of his pieces out of an existing mill, then moving it back to form the same mill a second time (or any number of times), each time removing one of his opponent's men. Players continue to try to form mills and remove their opponent's pieces as in phase one. Players continue to alternate moves, this time moving a man to an adjacent point. After all men have been placed, phase two begins. If a player is able to place three of their pieces on contiguous points in a straight line, vertically or horizontally, they have formed a mill and may remove one of their opponent's pieces from the board and the game, with the caveat that a piece in an opponent's mill can only be removed if no other pieces are available. The players determine who plays first, then take turns placing their men one per play on empty points. Nine men's morris starts on an empty board.
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